Significance of Stool Antigen Testing for Helicobacter pylori Detection in Humans

Abstract
Helicobacteriosis, a globally prevalent bacterial infection caused by Helicobacter pylori, affects more than half of the world’s population.\r\nH. pylori, a Group 1 carcinogen, is a widespread pathogen associated with gastric cancer and peptic ulcers. Due to its high prevalence,\r\ncarcinogenic classification, and increasing antimicrobial resistance, H. pylori remain a major global health concern. This study examined\r\nthe frequency of H. pylori infection in a specific population, revealing an overall prevalence of 20.5%, with a higher infection rate among\r\nfemales (23.7%) than males (17.8%). The 11–20-year age group had the highest infection rate (28.6%), while the 1–10-year group had the\r\nlowest (11.5%). However, statistical analysis (Chi-square test, “P” = 0.921) indicated no significant age-related differences, suggesting a\r\nrelatively uniform distribution across age groups. Similarly, rural residents exhibited a slightly higher infection rate (22.3%) than urban\r\ndwellers (18.5%). However, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.593), suggesting that the location of habitation had\r\nlittle to no influence on infection risk. Monthly variations in prevalence were noted, with peaks in September (24.3%) and December\r\n(21.6%), whereas August recorded the lowest rate (16.7%). However, statistical analysis (P = 0.982) revealed no significant seasonal trend,\r\nsuggesting that temporal factors did not substantially influence infection rates in this study. Overall, the findings indicate a moderate\r\nprevalence of H. pylori infection with no significant variations across age, location, or season, pointing to a relatively uniform distribution\r\nwithin the studied population. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying risk factors and transmission dynamics.

Author
Dhary Alewy Almashhadany

DOI
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24086/cuesj.v9n2y2025.pp68-73

ISSN
print-ISSN: 2519-6979

Publish Date: 2025-10-15